Divorce in the Qur’an
Monday, 10 May 2010
Contents
Do not Hinder the Divorced Woman from Moving on
Support and Maintenance Regulations
The Waiting Period and Other Regulations
I will organise this analysis on a Surah by Surah basis.
And do not allow your oaths in the name of Allah to become an obstacle to virtue and Allah-consciousness and the promotion of peace between people: for Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing.
(2:224)
Allah will not take you to task for oaths which you may have uttered without thought, but will take you to task [only] for what your hearts have conceived [in earnest]: for Allah is much-forgiving, forbearing.
(2:225)
Those who take an oath of abstention (that they will not approach their wives) shall have four months of waiting; and if they go back [on their oath] -behold, Allah is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.
(2:226)
وَإِنْ عَزَمُواْ الطَّلاَقَ فَإِنَّ اللّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
But if they are resolved on divorce -behold, Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing.
(2:227)
· Do not continue with the oath not to approach your wife just because you made the oath. Do not make the oath itself be the obstacle to virtue and Allah consciousness.
· However if it is the intention and not just the oath which drives the abstention then Allah knows and hears all.
· After the 4 months does the process of divorce start whereby another 3 months must be waited? I think not, because from 2:228 and 33:49 we understand that one of the purposes of the waiting period is to ensure that the occasion of pregnancy is known and not concealed. 4 months exceeds the normal ‘iddah period and so fulfils that criterion. Also, refer to the section on nushuz wherein we see a possible linkage between 2:226-227 and 4:34.
وَالْمُطَلَّقَاتُ يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ ثَلاَثَةَ قُرُوَءٍ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُنَّ أَن يَكْتُمْنَ مَا خَلَقَ اللّهُ فِي أَرْحَامِهِنَّ إِن كُنَّ يُؤْمِنَّ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَبُعُولَتُهُنَّ أَحَقُّ بِرَدِّهِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ إِنْ أَرَادُواْ إِصْلاَحًا وَلَهُنَّ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلِلرِّجَالِ عَلَيْهِنَّ دَرَجَةٌ وَاللّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكُيمٌ
And women in the process of divorce shall wait (in expectation) by themselves
(i.e., no remarrying) for three monthly periods: for it is not lawful for them to conceal what
Allah may have created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the Last
Day. And during this time
their husbands are fully entitled to take them back, if they desire reconciliation; but, in
accordance with justice, women have rights similar to their responsibilities ,
and men have a degree over them (in both rights and responsibilities). And Allah is almighty, wise.
(2:228)
·
The waiting period is three
menstrual periods, this is in accordance with 65:4 we are told to default to 3
months in certain cases of doubt as in 3 months starting at any point, 3 menstrual periods would normally take place.
الطَّلاَقُ مَرَّتَانِ فَإِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَأْخُذُواْ مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ أَن يَخَافَا أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلاَّ يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ فَلاَ تَعْتَدُوهَا وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللّهِ فَأُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
A completed process of divorce can take place twice, thereafter (if they marry the third time and again start the process of divorce) (the wife) must be kept in fairness or sent away in a goodly manner Link. And it is not lawful for you to take back anything of what you have ever given to your wives unless both [partners] have cause to fear that they may not be able to keep within the bounds set by Allah: hence, if you have cause to fear that the two may not be able to keep within the bounds set by Allah, there shall be no sin upon either of them for what the wife may give up [to her husband] in order to free herself. These are the bounds set by Allah; do not, then, transgress them: for they who transgress the bounds set by Allah-it is they, they who are evildoers!
(2:229)
Some have interpreted Talaq as meaning the declaration of divorce as opposed to the process of divorce; and that this declaration can take place only twice with the third declaration being the final nail in the coffin as it were. I have five objections to this interpretation of the word talaaq: -
· From 2:224-226 we see that we must not make an oath (words) the basis of doing injustice. Allah will take us to task for the intention and for that we must seek forgiveness, but Allah does not want our oaths to be the cause of injustice. It is quite conceivable that injustice could take place to the wife, but also to the man if merely by the statement of a sentence 3 times in three minutes, days or months, a marriage becomes dissolved.
· The word talaaq which comes from talaqa has the primary meaning of being freed, for example to be freed from a bond, to be free to come and go as you please. It makes no sense to assume that we understand talaaq as merely the statement of the intention to divorce, as the woman is not at that point free to go and come as she pleases (barring an exception discussed later). Neither the husband nor the wife is free of each other until after the Iddah period. Consider 2:228, 65:1 and 65:6. She cannot go marry and she cannot leave his home (unless she has committed immoral conduct) during the iddah, so she has not yet been sent away or freed. She therefore has not been divorced merely by the statement of the intention of divorce.
· The woman remains living with the man for three menstrual cycles, in his dwelling AND he can take her back from the process of divorce within the waiting period without witnesses. Nowhere in the Qur’an is it stated that she must cover up from him during iddah, so if they are still living together (not very modest if they are not married!) and he can revoke/cancel the process without remarrying, and she need not cover up (khimar and jilbab) around him (read 24:31), then it is only logical to conclude that they are still in fact married, but in a state of waiting within a process the end point of which is divorce.
· The bringing of witnesses is not mentioned in 2:228 (within iddah) when the husband takes the woman back (And it is not clarified to be understood as such anywhere else), whereas it is in 65:2 at the end of the divorce process.
· The terminology used for when the husband takes the wife back (from the process of divorce) in 2:228 is different then what is found in 2:229 and 65:2 (at the end of the process of divorce) as can be seen from the highlighted text in those verses.
o Further to this, 2:228 mentions only taking back the woman from the process of divorce, but not sending her away as with 2:229 and 65:2. This is because as the woman is not actually divorced he has no right to do so.
For these five reasons, I count that 1 divorce has taken place only after the iddah period has elapsed and 2 witnesses have been called to witness the split as mentioned in 65:2 (at the end of the iddah). I also interpret the term talaq in this context as ‘the process of separation/divorce’.
فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِن بَعْدُ حَتَّىَ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَن يَتَرَاجَعَا إِن ظَنَّا أَن يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللّهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللّهِ يُبَيِّنُهَا لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ
Link And if he has performed the complete process of divorce on her (the third time), she shall thereafter not be lawful unto him unless she first takes another man for husband; then, if the latter divorces her, there shall be no sin upon either of the two if they return to one another-provided that both of them think that they will be able to keep within the bounds set by Allah: for these are the bounds of Allah which He makes clear unto people of knowledge.
(2:230)
· The Husband and wife can divorce/separate such that remarriage is both needed and allowed for them to get back together, 2 times. If they divorce/separate the third time they cannot remarry unless the requirements of 2:230 are met.
وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النَّسَاء فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَلاَ تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًا لَّتَعْتَدُواْ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ وَلاَ تَتَّخِذُوَاْ آيَاتِ اللّهِ هُزُوًا وَاذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
And when you divorce women and they reach the end of their waiting-term, then either retain them in a fair manner or send them away in a fair manner. But do not retain them against their will in order to hurt [them]: for he who does so sins indeed against himself. And do not take [these] messages of Allah in a frivolous spirit; and remember the blessings with which Allah has graced you, and all the revelation and the wisdom which He has bestowed on you from on high in order to admonish you thereby; and remain conscious of Allah, and know that Allah has full knowledge of everything.
(2:231)
وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَن يَنكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَاضَوْاْ بَيْنَهُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ذَلِكَ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ ذَلِكُمْ أَزْكَى لَكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ وَاللّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ
And when you implement the process of divorce on women, and they have reached the end of their waiting-term, do not prevent them from marrying their (former) husbands, if they mutually agree on equitable terms. This is an admonition unto every one of you who believes in Allah and the Last Day; it is the most virtuous [way] for you, and the cleanest. And Allah knows, whereas you do not know.
(2:232)
· Here we have general guidance on the attitude we should have in divorce: -
1. We must not hinder the women from moving on in their lives.
2. We should not take the process of divorce and the regulations for it lightly.
3. We must always remain conscious of Allah in our actions.
· After the process of divorce, they must remarry. During the process of divorce they do not need to.
وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلاَدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ وَعلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ لاَ تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا لاَ تُضَآرَّ وَالِدَةٌ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلاَ مَوْلُودٌ لَّهُ بِوَلَدِهِ وَعَلَى الْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالاً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمْ أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُواْ أَوْلاَدَكُمْ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُم مَّآ آتَيْتُم بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَاتَّقُواْ اللّهَ وَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّ اللّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
And the [divorced] mothers may nurse their children for two whole years, if they wish to complete the period of nursing; and it is incumbent upon him who has begotten the child to provide in a fair manner for their sustenance and clothing. No human being shall be burdened with more than he is well able to bear: neither shall a mother be made to suffer because of her child, nor, because of his child, he who has begotten it. And the same duty rests upon the [father's] heir. And if both [parents] decide, by mutual consent and counsel, upon separation [of mother and child], they will incur no sin [thereby]; and if you decide to entrust your children to foster-mothers, you will incur no sin provided you ensure, in a fair manner, the safety of the child which you are handing over. But remain conscious of Allah, and know that Allah sees all that you do.
(2:233)
لاَّ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء مَا لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنُّ أَوْ تَفْرِضُواْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً وَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ وَعَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدْرُهُ مَتَاعًا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ
You will incur no sin if you divorce women while you have not yet touched them nor settled a dower upon them; but [even in such a case] make provision for them - the affluent according to his means, and the straitened according to his means - a provision in an equitable manner: this is a duty upon all who would do good.
(2:236)
· Our attitude in divorce should be of mercy and kindness, even to the women that men have only been married to briefly.
وَإِن طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ إَلاَّ أَن يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ وَأَن تَعْفُواْ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَى وَلاَ تَنسَوُاْ الْفَضْلَ بَيْنَكُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ
And if you divorce them before having touched them, but after having settled a dower upon them, then [give them] half of what you have settled - unless it be that they forgo their claim or he in whose hand is the marriage-tie forgoes his claim [to half of the dower]: and to forgo what is due to you is more in accord with Allah-consciousness. And forget not [that you are to act with] grace towards one another: verily, Allah sees all that you do.
(2:237)
وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ
And the divorced women, too, shall have [a right to] maintenance in a goodly manner: this is a duty for all who are conscious of Allah.
(2:241)
But if you desire to give up a wife and to take another in her stead, do not take away anything of what you have given the first one, however much it may have been. Would you, perchance, take it away by slandering her and thus committing a manifest sin?
(4:20)
وَكَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ وَقَدْ أَفْضَى بَعْضُكُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ وَأَخَذْنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا
And how could you take it away after you have given yourselves to one another, and she has received a most solemn pledge from you?
(4:21)
“Men are the protectors/guardians and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore/so the righteous women are devoutly obedient (to the husband), and guard in (the husband's) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct (nushuz), admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) separate from them/send them away; but if they obey you, seek not against them Means (of annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all).”
(4:34)
· This verse can be understood (pending further analysis) with 2:226 that when women are acting badly: -
1. Talk to them and warn them of the consequences of their behaviour.
2. Do not share their bed (from 2:226 we understand that this can be for a maximum of 4 months).
3. Separate from them by divorce.
§ This does not require a waiting period if they have not been intimate for 3 months or more. (2:228)
§ They cannot separate (the man cannot make her leave the home) during an iddah unless she has been very immoral. Only after the waiting period can the man make her leave his home. (65:1)
§ Therefore, separate in 4:34 means the
divorce would be final there.
·
It should be noted that this process
needs to take place only in the case that the Husband fears, that is
expects/predicts/foresees, nushuz from his wife. In the case that the nushuz
has already taken place this procedure need not apply and the normal divorce
procedure applies.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا فَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ وَسَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلًا
O YOU who have attained to faith! If you marry believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, you have no reason to expect, and to calculate, any waiting period on their part: hence, make [at once] provision for them, and release them in a becoming manner.
(33:49)
· There is no waiting period here. This is the exception.
· This tells us that we have 2 processes or kinds of divorce:
1. Where the couple have been intimate, a period of waiting whereby any pregnancy can be known. This is either through the 3 menstrual cycle waiting period or the 4 month ila’ period, or abstention period.
2. Where the couple have not been intimate, no period of waiting is needed as part of the divorce process. Theoretically the 4 month abstention period could take place even in this circumstance, though it is less likely
الَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِنكُم مِّن نِّسَائِهِم مَّا هُنَّ أُمَّهَاتِهِمْ إِنْ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّائِي وَلَدْنَهُمْ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَيَقُولُونَ مُنكَرًا مِّنَ الْقَوْلِ وَزُورًا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ
Those of you who [henceforth] separate themselves from their wives by saying, “Thou art as unlawful to me as my mother”, [let them bear in mind that] they can never be [as] their mothers: none are their mothers save those who gave them birth: and so, behold, they but utter a saying that runs counter to reason, and is [therefore] false. But, behold, Allah is indeed an absolver of sins, much-forgiving:
(58:2)
وَالَّذِينَ يُظَاهِرُونَ مِن نِّسَائِهِمْ ثُمَّ يَعُودُونَ لِمَا قَالُوا فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَتَمَاسَّا ذَلِكُمْ تُوعَظُونَ بِهِ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌ
and those who would separate themselves from their wives by saying, “Thou art as unlawful to me as my mother”, and thereafter would go back on what they have said, [their atonement] shall be the freeing of a human being from bondage before the couple may touch one another again: this you are [hereby] exhorted to do - for Allah is fully aware of all that you do.
(58:3)
فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يَتَمَاسَّا فَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَإِطْعَامُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا ذَلِكَ لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ وَلِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
However, he who does not have the wherewithal shall fast [instead] for two consecutive months before the couple may touch one another again; and he who is unable to do it shall feed sixty needy ones: this, so that you might prove your faith in Allah and His Apostle. Now these are the bounds set by Allah; and grievous suffering [in the life to come] awaits all who deny the truth.
(58:4)
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاء فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ وَأَحْصُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ لَا تُخْرِجُوهُنَّ مِن بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخْرُجْنَ إِلَّا أَن يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ وَتِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُ لَا تَدْرِي لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُحْدِثُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمْرًا
O PROPHET! When you implement the process of divorce (for) women, implement the process of divorce (with) them for the waiting period appointed for them, and reckon the period [carefully], and be conscious of Allah, your Sustainer. Do not expel them from their homes; and neither shall they [be made to] leave unless they become openly guilty of immoral conduct. These, then, are the bounds set by Allah - and he who transgresses the bounds set by Allah does indeed sin against himself: [for, O man, although] you know it not, after that [first breach] Allah may well cause something new to come about.
(65:1)
فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَأَشْهِدُوا ذَوَيْ عَدْلٍ مِّنكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا الشَّهَادَةَ لِلَّهِ ذَلِكُمْ يُوعَظُ بِهِ مَن كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مَخْرَجًا
And so, when they reach the end of their waiting-term, either retain them in a fair manner or part with them in a fair manner. And let two persons of [known] probity from among your own community witness [what you have decided]; and do yourselves bear true witness before Allah: thus are admonished all who believe in Allah and the Last Day. And unto everyone who is conscious of Allah, He [always] grants a way out [of unhappiness],
(65:2)
· If the divorce is witnessed here, we have 1 divorce. There is more significance to this verse that needs exploring. For example, has one process of divorce taken place even if the woman is retained at this point? It may well be… Needs more consideration.
· It is important to note here that if we do not understand that talaaq refers to the process and not the fact of divorce, then we must accept that a woman you are not married to is living with you, that you can talk to and mix with her. Consider that you can take her back from the process of divorce, so you must be able to interact with her in the intervening time.
وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسْبُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَالِغُ أَمْرِهِ قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدْرًا
and provides for him in a manner beyond all expectation; and for everyone who places his trust in Allah He [alone] is enough. Verily, Allah always attains to His purpose: [and] indeed, unto everything has Allah appointed its [term and] measure.
(65:3)
وَاللَّائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَائِكُمْ إِنِ ارْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَاللَّائِي لَمْ يَحِضْنَ وَأُوْلَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ يُسْرًا
Now as for such of your women as are beyond, the age of menstrual periods, as well as for such as do not have any menstrual periods, their waiting-period - if you have any doubt [about it] - shall be three [calendar] months; and as for those who are with child, the end of their waiting-term shall come when they deliver their burden. And for everyone who is conscious of Allah, He makes it easy to obey His commandment:
(65:4)
ذَلِكَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ أَنزَلَهُ إِلَيْكُمْ وَمَن يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يُكَفِّرْ عَنْهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِ وَيُعْظِمْ لَهُ أَجْرًا
This is Allah's commandment, which He has bestowed upon you from on high. And unto everyone who is conscious of Allah will He pardon [some of] his bad deeds, and will grant him a vast reward.
(65:5)
أَسْكِنُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ سَكَنتُم مِّن وُجْدِكُمْ وَلَا تُضَارُّوهُنَّ لِتُضَيِّقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ وَإِن كُنَّ أُولَاتِ حَمْلٍ فَأَنفِقُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ فَإِنْ أَرْضَعْنَ لَكُمْ فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ وَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَكُم بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَإِن تَعَاسَرْتُمْ فَسَتُرْضِعُ لَهُ أُخْرَى
Lodge them (the wife) where you lodge in accordance with your means; and do not harass them with a view to making their lives a misery. And if they happen to be with child, spend freely on them until they deliver their burden; and if they nurse your offspring [after the divorce has become final], give them their [due] recompense; and take counsel with one another in a fair manner [about the child's future]. And if both of you find it difficult [that the mother should nurse the child], let another woman nurse it on behalf of him [who has begotten it].
(65:6)
لِيُنفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِّن سَعَتِهِ وَمَن قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنفِقْ مِمَّا آتَاهُ اللَّهُ لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا مَا آتَاهَا سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ يُسْرًا
[In all these respects,] let him who has ample means spend in accordance with his amplitude; and let him whose means of subsistence are scanty spend in accordance with what Allah has given him: Allah does not burden any human being with more than He has given him - [and it may well be that] Allah will grant, after hardship, ease.
(65:7)
In Conclusion.
وَإِن يَتَفَرَّقَا يُغْنِ اللّهُ كُلاًّ مِّن سَعَتِهِ وَكَانَ اللّهُ وَاسِعًا حَكِيمًا
And if
husband and wife do separate, Allah shall provide for each of them out of His
abundance: for Allah is indeed Infinite, Wise
(4:130)
All Praise belongs to Allah.